一文看懂 Nginx 中开启 IPv6，包含设置 IPv6 SSL证书。

前置条件

所在服务器已经开启 IPv6。

Nginx 开启 IPv6

Nginx 默认配置中已经开启了 IPv6。

即 listen [::]:80 default_server;

server {
    listen       80 default_server;
    listen       [::]:80 default_server;
    server_name  _;
    root         /usr/share/nginx/html;

    # Load configuration files for the default server block.
    include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

    location / {
    }

    error_page 404 /404.html;
        location = /40x.html {
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
        location = /50x.html {
    }
}

重启后，检查端口监听，发现已经监听在 :::80 上，即监听在 IPv6 的 80端口上。

netstat -ntlp | grep nginx

tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 29391/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 29391/nginx: master
参考文档 浏览器访问 IPv6 地址访问 IPv6 网站，验证是否访问成功。

如果访问失败，请检查 安全组是否开放 IPv6 的 80 端口 入请求的访问策略。

使用 curl 访问速度测试

$ curl http://6.ipw.cn -v

• Trying 2402:4e00:1013:e500:0:9671:f018:4947…
• TCP_NODELAY set
• Connected to 6.ipw.cn (2402:4e00:1013:e500:0:9671:f018:4947) port 80 (#0)

GET / HTTP/1.1
Host: 6.ipw.cn
User-Agent: curl/7.64.1
Accept: /

< HTTP/1.1 200 OK
< Server: nginx
< Date: Sun, 19 Jun 2022 13:22:01 GMT
< Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
< Content-Length: 38
< Connection: keep-alive
< Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *
<

• Connection #0 to host 6.ipw.cn left intact
  2408:824c:200::2b8b:336f:cc9c* Closing connection 0

Nginx 开启 IPv6 SSL

IPv4 中监听 HTTP 和 HTTPS 的配置是 listen 80;、listen 443 ssl;

IPv6 分别是 listen [::]:80; 、listen [::]:443 ssl;

server {
listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
listen [::]:80;
#填写绑定证书的域名
server_name 6.ipw.cn;
#证书文件名称
ssl_certificate ssl/6.ipw.cn_bundle.crt;
#私钥文件名称
ssl_certificate_key ssl/6.ipw.cn.key;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;
#请按照以下协议配置
ssl_protocols TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
#请按照以下套件配置，配置加密套件，写法遵循 openssl 标准。
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
}
重启后，检查端口监听，发现已经监听在 :::443 上，即监听在 IPv6 的 443 端口上。

netstat -ntlp | grep nginx

tcp6 0 0 :::443 :::* LISTEN 29391/nginx: master
tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 29391/nginx: master
测试访问效果。

curl https://6.ipw.cn -v

• Trying 2402:4e00:1013:e500:0:9671:f018:4947…
• TCP_NODELAY set
• Connected to 6.ipw.cn (2402:4e00:1013:e500:0:9671:f018:4947) port 443 (#0)
• ALPN, offering h2
• ALPN, offering http/1.1
• successfully set certificate verify locations:
• CAfile: /etc/ssl/cert.pem
  CApath: none
• TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client hello (1):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server hello (2):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Certificate (11):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server key exchange (12):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Server finished (14):
• TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Client key exchange (16):
• TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):
• TLSv1.2 (OUT), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS change cipher, Change cipher spec (1):
• TLSv1.2 (IN), TLS handshake, Finished (20):
• SSL connection using TLSv1.2 / ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256
• ALPN, server accepted to use h2
• Server certificate:
• subject: CN=6.ipw.cn
• start date: Jun 19 00:00:00 2022 GMT
• expire date: Jun 19 23:59:59 2023 GMT
• subjectAltName: host “6.ipw.cn” matched cert’s “6.ipw.cn”
• issuer: C=CN; O=TrustAsia Technologies, Inc.; CN=TrustAsia RSA DV TLS CA G2
• SSL certificate verify ok.
• Using HTTP2, server supports multi-use
• Connection state changed (HTTP/2 confirmed)
• Copying HTTP/2 data in stream buffer to connection buffer after upgrade: len=0
• Using Stream ID: 1 (easy handle 0x7f90a8811c00)

GET / HTTP/2
Host: 6.ipw.cn
User-Agent: curl/7.64.1
Accept: /

• Connection state changed (MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS == 128)!
  < HTTP/2 200
  < server: nginx
  < date: Sun, 19 Jun 2022 13:21:31 GMT
  < content-type: text/plain; charset=utf-8
  < content-length: 38
  < access-control-allow-origin: *
  <
• Connection #0 to host 6.ipw.cn left intact
  2408:824c:200::2b8b:336f:cc9c* Closing connection 0
  listen ssl 后一个指令是 http2，在开启 ssl 的同时可以把 http2 一并开启了。在上面的测试效果可以看到 HTTP/2